Adilet received 110 of 145 seats, or 75.9% of seats on 71.17% of the vote. The difference reflects seat-allocation rules and votes cast for parties that received no seats; it does not represent an additional vote.
Method
Direct arithmetic from final CEC vote and seat totals; no causal inference.
Uncertainty
The CEC publication establishes national totals. This note does not infer voter motives or regional behavior.
How to read the appointment and accountability map
An arrow represents only a relationship stated in a source: nomination, consent, appointment, election, review or reporting. Political influence without a formal rule is not drawn as a legal power.
Method
Relations are normalized from operative legal provisions and official institutional descriptions.
Uncertainty
Practice may involve informal coordination that is outside this legal-institutional map.
From 1996 to 2026 legislative power was exercised by a bicameral Parliament comprising the Senate and Mazhilis. A unicameral Kurultai model has applied since 1 July 2026. The former chambers remain a separate historical layer and are not mixed with the current institution.
Method
Period comparison of formal constitutional models.
Uncertainty
This comparison describes institutional form, not the quality or effectiveness of political representation.